What is the predominant type of T cell implicated in the pathogenesis of Crohn disease?
Group of answer choices
- Helper T cells (Th2)
- Cytotoxic T cells (Tc)
- Regulatory T cells (Treg)
- Helper T cells (Th1)
The correct answer is Helper T cells (Th1).
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Explanation:
In Crohn disease, the predominant immune response is driven by Th1 helper T cells. These T cells play a central role in the inflammation seen in Crohn disease by producing cytokines like interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), which promote inflammatory responses, including the activation of macrophages and the production of pro-inflammatory mediators.
The other options are less relevant to Crohn disease:
- Helper T cells (Th2): Th2 responses are more commonly associated with conditions like asthma or allergic reactions, not Crohn disease.
- Cytotoxic T cells (Tc): These cells are involved in killing infected or abnormal cells, but they are not the primary drivers of the inflammatory response in Crohn disease.
- Regulatory T cells (Treg): Treg cells help control immune responses and maintain tolerance. In Crohn disease, there is often a dysfunction or inadequate number of Treg cells, contributing to inappropriate inflammation. However, the main pathogenic role is still attributed to Th1 cells.
Thus, Th1 helper T cells are the key players in the pathogenesis of Crohn disease.
